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United Kingdom | Flag History

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Patrick "Pat" Condell (born 1949 or 1950)[2] is a writer, polemicist, and former stand-up comedian. In his early career he wrote and performed in alternative comedy shows during the 1980s and 1990s in London, winning the Time Out Comedy Award in 1991. He was also formerly a regular panelist on BBC Radio 1's Loose Talk programme. In early 2007 he began uploading on to the internet short filmed monologue polemics primarily about religious authority, authoritarianism in government and left-wing politics, and the societal effects of Muslim immigration into Europe, which have appeared on many websites, including YouTube and LiveLeak. They have also been published on DVD, and also as a book of video transcripts. As of December 2015, Condell's YouTube channel has over 250,000 subscribers and nearly 60,000,000 video views, and he has over 45,000 followers on Twitter.

Mad Frankie Fraser: His Last Interview

Francis Davidson "Frankie" Fraser, better known as "Mad" Frankie Fraser (13 December 1923 – 26 November 2014),[1] was an English gangster and criminal who spent 42 years in prison for numerous violent offences

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The Impressive British Museum

The Impressive British Museum

Amongst the many traveler amenities in modern London, such as your homes of Parliament, Tower Bridge and also Buckingham Palace, the one that could conveniently be thought about the extraordinary "Queen" amongst them all, is the British Museum. Britain's national gallery of archaeology and also antiquities was developed by an act of Parliament in 1753, when the federal government acquired 3 huge private collections including books, manuscripts, prints, illustrations, paintings, medals, coins, seals, cameos, and natural interests. Today, residence of about seven million objects from all continents, the British museum is thought about to be the most popular and well-known gallery on the planet.

Found in the Bloomsbury area of Greater london, the British gallery's collections in archaeology and ethnography are especially exceptional. Being one of Greater london's principal tourist attractions, the visitor could appreciate its well-known holdings, like the Elgin Marbles, makings from the Athenian Parthenon, the Rosetta Rock, the Portland Flower holder, the Benin Bronzes, Egyptian Mummies, as well as the Chinese ceramics. Its illustrations collection holds more than 2,000 illustrations making up the world's largest and most thorough collections.



Considering that it initially opened its doors to everyone, on January 15, 1759 the gallery has actually been illustrating as well as documenting the story of human advancement and also culture from its early years to the present day. Considering that the British Gallery does not demand any sort of admission costs, the exception being some short-term unique events, interested publics from around the world align outdoors its doors hesitating to enter its amazing gallery display rooms and also admire the plethora of human creations maintained in there.

Yet several of its most respected holdings, like the Parthenon Marbles and also the Benin Bronzes are among its most disputed collections. These collections are the subject of terrific debate and also political disputes because various organizations lobby in favor of their return to their indigenous countries of Greece as well as Nigeria respectively. However no matter the extreme objection, the British Gallery has chosen not to return either collection, asserting that if the British Gallery was to go back to their initial geographical place any one of its existing ownerships that would certainly mean empty spaces for an excellent several galleries all over the world. Although doubters argue that these artifacts, among others, must now return to their residence nations, the British Gallery remains to assist that it is an ideal custodian as well as has the inalienable right over these questioned creations under British law. Nonetheless, the truth still continues to be that the British Museum is one of the most important London locations one must not miss checking out when situations allow a ride to one of the most renowned as well as fascinating fundings worldwide.

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A Look Inside Buckingham Palace

Buckingham Palace has served as the official London residence of Britain’s sovereigns since 1837. It evolved from a town house that was owned from the beginning of the eighteenth century by the Dukes of Buckingham. Today it is The Queen’s official residence. Although in use for the many official events and receptions held by The Queen, areas of Buckingham Palace are opened to visitors on a regular basis. Besides being the official London residence of The Queen, Buckingham Palace is also the busy administrative headquarters of the monarchy. The Palace is a working building and the centerpiece of Britain’s constitutional monarchy. It houses the offices of those who support the day-to-day activities and duties of The Queen and The Duke of Edinburgh and their immediate family. The Palace is also the venue for great Royal ceremonies, State Visits and Investitures, all of which are organized by the Royal Household. Although Buckingham Palace is furnished and decorated with priceless works of art that form part of the Royal collection, one of the major art collections in the world today, it is not an art gallery and nor is it a museum. It’s State Rooms form the nucleus of the working Palace and are used regularly by The Queen and members of the Royal family for official and State entertaining. Buckingham Palace is one of the world’s most familiar buildings and more than 50,000 people visit the Palace each year as guests to banquets, lunches, dinners, receptions and the Royal Garden Parties.
Today the State Rooms are used extensively by The Queen and Members of the Royal Family to receive and entertain their guests on State, ceremonial and official occasions. During August and September when The Queen makes her annual visit to Scotland, the Palace’s nineteen state rooms are open to visitors. As the Official Principal Residence of the British Monarch, in other words the London home of the Queen and the Duke of Edinburgh. When Her Majesty is in residence her Royal Standard flies from the mast. The State Rooms of the Palace are open to visitors during the Annual Summer Opening in August and September. They are lavishly furnished with some of the greatest treasures from the Royal Collection for example the paintings by Rembrandt, Rubens, Vermeer, Poussin, Canaletto and Claude, sculpture by Canova and Chantrey, exquisite examples of Sèvres porcelain, and some of the finest English and French furniture in the world. The 18 rooms were first opened to visitors in 1993 to help raise funds to repair fire-damaged Windsor Castle. Using the public entrance in Ambassador’s Court, visitors pass up the grand staircase and through magnificent state rooms, not entering the royal family’s private apartments. The Throne Room is illuminated by seven chandeliers, and here the Queen carries out formal ceremonial duties. The Green Drawing Room is the first room entered by guests at royal functions . The gold and white Music Room, with its original parquet floor, is used the presentation of State guests and royal christenings. By going down the Ministers’ Staircase, and through the Marble Hall, the Garden can be reached which is a haven in the heart of London. Only a 1,500 foot walk is open to the pubic, which goes around the lake, giving a rare view of the west front of the palace.

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how to speak british

harry potter.belongs in all things british

Harry Potter is a series of seven epic fantasy novels written by the British author J. K. Rowling. The series, named after the titular character, chronicles the adventures of a young wizard, Harry Potter, and his friends Ronald Weasley and Hermione Granger, all of whom are students at Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry. The main story arc concerns Harry's quest to overcome the Dark wizard Lord Voldemort, who aims to become immortal, conquer the wizarding world, subjugate non-magical people, and destroy all those who stand in his way, especially Harry Potter.

Since the release of the first novel, Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone, on 30 June 1997, the books have gained immense popularity, critical acclaim, and commercial success worldwide.^[2] The series has also had some share of criticism, including concern for the increasingly dark tone. As of July 2013, the books had sold between 400 and 450 million copies, making them one of the best-selling book series in history, and had been translated into 73 languages.^[3][4] The last four books consecutively set records as the fastest-selling books in history, with the final instalment selling approximately 11 million copies in the United States within the first twenty-four hours of its release.

Winston Churchill Biography Prime Minister, Journalist (1874–1965)

Early Life 

Winston Leonard Spencer-Churchill was destined to a highborn family on November 30, 1874. As his life unfolded, he showed the qualities of his father, Ruler Randolph Churchill, a British statesman from a made English family, and his mother, Jeannie Jerome, an autonomous minded New York socialite. As a youthful youngster, Churchill experienced childhood in Dublin, Ireland, where his father was utilized by his granddad, the seventh Duke of Marlborough, John Spencer-Churchill. When he entered formal school, Churchill ended up being an autonomous and insubordinate understudy. He did crudely at his initial two schools and in April, 1888, he was sent to Harrow School, an all inclusive school close London. Inside weeks of his enlistment, he joined the Harrow Rifle Corps, which put him on a way to a military vocation. 

From the beginning it didn't appear the military was a decent decision for Churchill. It took him three tries to pass the exam for the British Imperial Military School. Nonetheless, once there, he did well and graduated twentieth in his class of 130. Up to this time, his association with both his mother and father was far off, however he venerated them both. While at school, Churchill composed passionate letters to this mother, beseeching her to come see him, however she rarely came. His father passed on when he was 21, and it was said that Churchill knew him more by notoriety than by any nearby relationship they imparted. 

Churchill delighted in a concise yet momentous profession in the British armed force at a peak of British military force. He joined the Fourth Hussars in 1895 and served in the Indian northwest outskirts and the Sudan, where he saw activity in the Clash of Omdurman in 1898. While in the armed force, he composed military reports for daily papers The Pioneer and the Every day Broadcast, and two books on his encounters, The Story of the Malakand Field Compel (1898) and The Stream War (1899). 

In 1899, Churchill left the armed force and functioned as a war reporter for the Morning Post, a traditionalist day by day daily paper. While investigating the Boer War in South Africa, he was taken detainee by the Boers while on a scouting campaign. He stood out as truly newsworthy when he avoided, flying out very nearly 300 miles to Portuguese domain in Mozambique. Upon his come back to Britain, he expounded on his encounters in the book London to Ladysmith (1900). 

Early Careers: Government and Military

In 1900, Churchill became a Member of Parliament in the Conservative Party for Oldham, a town in Manchester. Following his father into politics, he also followed his father's sense of independence, becoming a supporter of social reform. Unconvinced that the Conservative Party was committed to social justice, Churchill switched to the Liberal Party in 1904. He was elected a Member of Parliament in 1908, and was appointed to the Prime Minister's Cabinet as President of the Board of Trade. That same year, he married Clementine Ogilvy Hozier, after a short courtship.

As president of the Board of Trade, he joined newly appointed Chancellor Lloyd George in opposing the expansion of the British Navy. Also in 1908, he introduced several reforms for the prison system, introduced the first minimum wage, and helped set up labor exchanges for the unemployed and unemployment insurance. Churchill assisted in the passing of the People's Budget, which introduced new taxes on the wealthy to pay for new social welfare programs. The budget passed the House of Commons in 1909, but was initially defeated in the House of Lords, before being passed in 1910. He also drafted a controversial piece of legislation to amend the Mental Deficiency Act of 1913, mandating sterilization of the feeble-minded. The bill eventually passed both Houses with only the remedy of confinement in institutions. 

In January 1911, Churchill showed his tougher side when he made a controversial visit to a police siege in London. Police had surrounded a house where two robbers had been caught. Churchill's degree of participation is still in some dispute. Some accounts have him going to the scene only to see for himself what was going on; others state that he allegedly gave directions to police on how to best storm the building. What is known is that the house caught fire during the siege and Churchill prevented the fire brigade from extinguishing the flames, stating that he thought it better to "let the house burn down," rather than risk lives rescuing the occupants. The bodies of the two robbers were found inside the charred ruins.

While serving as First Lord of the Admiralty since 1911, Churchill helped modernize the British Navy, ordering that new warships be built with oil-fired instead of coal-fired engines. He was one of the first to promote military aircraft and set up the Royal Navy Air Service. So enthusiastic was he about aviation that he took flying lessons to understand firsthand its military potential. Though not directly involved in the disastrous Battle of Gallipoli, Churchill resigned his post because he felt responsible for proposing the expedition. For a brief period, he rejoined the British Arm,y commanding a battalion of the Royal Scots Fusiliers on the Western Front and seeing action in "no man's land." In 1917, he was appointed Minister of Munitions for the final year of the war, overseeing the production of tanks, airplanes and munitions.

From 1919 to 1922, Churchill served as Minister of War and Air and Colonial Secretary under Prime Minister David Lloyd George. As Colonial Secretary, Churchill was embroiled in another controversy when he ordered air power be used on rebellious Kurdish tribesmen in Iraq, a British holding. At one point, he suggested that poisonous gas be used to put down the rebellion. This proposal was considered but never enacted, though the conventional bombing campaign was and failed to end the resistance.

Fractures in the Liberal Party led to the defeat of Churchill as a Member of Parliament in 1922, and he rejoined the Conservative Party. He served as Chancellor of the Exchequer, returning Britain to the gold standard, and took a hard line against a general labor strike that threatened to cripple the British economy. With the defeat of the Conservative government in 1929, Churchill was out of government. He was perceived as a right-wing extremist, who was out of touch with the people. He spent the next few years concentrating on his writing and published A History of English Speaking Peoples.

World War II

Though not at first seeing the threat that Adolph Hitler posed when he rose to power in 1933, Churchill gradually became a leading advocate for British rearmament. By 1938, as Germany began controlling its neighbors, Churchill had become a staunch critic of British Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain's policy of appeasement toward the Nazis. On September 3, 1939, the day that Britain declared war on Germany, Churchill was appointed First Lord of the Admiralty and a member of the War Cabinet, and by April, 1940, he became chairman of the Military Coordinating Committee. Later that month, Germany invaded and occupied Norway, which was a setback for Neville Chamberlain, who had resisted Churchill's proposal that Britain pre-empt German aggression by unilaterally occupying vital Norwegian iron mines and sea ports. In May, debate in Parliament on the Norwegian crisis led to a vote of no confidence toward Prime Minister Chamberlain. On May 10, King George VI appointed Churchill as prime minister and Minister of Defense. Within hours, the German Army began its Western Offensive, invading the Netherlands, Belgium and Luxembourg. Two days later, German forces entered France. Britain stood alone against the onslaught.

Quickly, Churchill formed a coalition cabinet of leaders from the Labor, Liberal and Conservative parties. He placed intelligent and talented men in key positions. On June 18, 1940, Churchill made one of his iconic speeches to the House of Commons, warning that "the Battle of Britain" was about to begin. Churchill kept resistance to Nazi dominance alive, and created the foundation for an alliance with the United States and the Soviet Union. Churchill had previously cultivated a relationship with U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt in the 1930s, and by March 1941, was able to secure vital U.S. aid through the Lend Lease Act, which allowed Britain to order war goods from the United States on credit.

After the United States entered World War II, in December 1941, Churchill was confident that the Allies would eventually win the war. In the months that followed, Churchill worked closely with U.S. President Roosevelt and Soviet Union leader Joseph Stalin to forge an Allied war strategy and post-war world. In meetings in Teheran (1943), Yalta (February 1945) and Potsdam (July 1945), Churchill collaborated with the two leaders to develop a united strategy against the Axis Powers, and helped craft the post-war world with the United Nations as its centerpiece. As the war wound down, Churchill proposed plans for social reforms in Britain, but was unable to convince the public. Perhaps seeing him only as a "war-time prime minister," he was defeated in the general election in July 1945.

During the next six years, Churchill became the Leader of the Opposition Party and continued to have an impact on world affairs. In March 1946, while on a visit to the United States, he made his famous "Iron Curtain" speech, warning of Soviet domination in Eastern Europe. He also advocated that Britain remain independent from European coalitions and maintain its independence.

After the general election of 1951, Churchill returned to government. He was appointed Minister of Defense between October 1951 and January 1952, and became prime minister in October 1951. In 1953, Churchill was knighted by Queen Elizabeth II. He introduced various reforms such as the Mines and Quarries Act of 1954, improving working conditions in mines, and the Housing Repairs and Rent Act of 1955, establishing standards for housing. These domestic reforms were overshadowed by a series of foreign policy crises in the colonies of Kenya and Malaya, where Churchill ordered direct military action. While successful in putting down the rebellions, it became clear that Britain was no longer able to sustain its colonial rule.

Later Years and Death

Churchill had shown signs of fragile health as early as 1941, while visiting the White House. At that time, he suffered a mild heart attack and, in 1943, he had a similar attack while battling a bout of pneumonia. In June 1953, at age 78, he suffered from a series of strokes at his office, located at 10 Downing Street. The news was kept from the public and Parliament, with the official announcement stating that he had suffered from exhaustion. He recuperated at home, and returned to his work as prime minister in October. However, it was apparent even to him that he was physically and mentally slowing down. Churchill retired as prime minister in 1955. He remained a Member of Parliament until the general election of 1964, when he did not seek re-election.

There was speculation that Churchill suffered from Alzheimer's disease in his last years, but many medical experts feel that his reduced mental capacity was more a result of the strokes he had suffered. Despite his poor health, Churchill was able to remain active in public life, albeit mostly from the comfort of his homes in Kent and Hyde Park Gate, in London.

On January 15, 1965, Churchill suffered a severe stroke that left him gravely ill. He died at his London home nine days later, at age 90, on January 24, 1965. Britain mourned for more than a week.

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the grand National

The Grand National is a National Hunt horse race held annually atAintree Racecourse in Liverpool, England. First run officially in 1839, it is a handicap steeplechase over 4 miles 3½ furlongs (7,141 m) with horses jumping 30 fences over two circuits.^[2] It is the most valuable jump race in Europe, with a prize fund of £1 million in 2014.^[3]

The course over which the race is run – Aintree's National Course – is uniquely challenging, featuring much larger fences than those found on conventional National Hunt tracks. Many of these fences, includingBecher's Brook, The Chair and the Canal Turn, have become famous in their own right.^[4] These, combined with the distance of the event, create what has been called "the ultimate test of horse and rider".^[4][5]

The Grand National has been broadcast live on free-to-air terrestrial television in the United Kingdom since 1960. From then until 2012 it was broadcast by the BBC. Since 2013 it has been shown by Channel 4, which has the UK broadcasting rights until 2016.^[6] An estimated 500 to 600 million people watch the Grand National in over 140 countries.^[6][7][8]It has also been broadcast on radio since 1927; BBC Radio held the exclusive radio rights until 2013, however, Talksport also now hold radio commentary rights.^[9] The race is popular amongst many people who do not normally watch or bet on horse racing at other times of the year.^[10]

The next Grand National will be held on 11 April 2015. The most recent, in 2014, was won by Pineau de Re, ridden by jockey Leighton Aspell for trainer Richard Newland.

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Horatio Nelson, 1st Viscount Nelson

Horatio Nelson, 1st Viscount Nelson, KB (29 September 1758 – 21 October 1805) was a British flag officer famous for his service in the Royal Navy, particularly during the Napoleonic Wars. He was noted for his inspirational leadership and superb grasp of strategy and unconventional tactics, which resulted in a number of decisive naval victories. He was wounded several times in combat, losing one arm in the unsuccessful attempt to conquer Santa Cruz de Tenerife and the sight in one eye inCorsica. Of his several victories, the best known and most notable was the Battle of Trafalgar in 1805, during which he was shot and killed.

Nelson was born into a moderately prosperous Norfolk family and joined the navy through the influence of his uncle, Maurice Suckling. He rose rapidly through the ranks and served with leading naval commanders of the period before obtaining his own command in 1778. He developed a reputation in the service through his personal valour and firm grasp of tactics but suffered periods of illness and unemployment after the end of theAmerican War of Independence. The outbreak of the French Revolutionary Wars allowed Nelson to return to service, where he was particularly active in the Mediterranean. He fought in several minor engagements off Toulon and was important in the capture of Corsica and subsequent diplomatic duties with the Italian states. In 1797, he distinguished himself while in command ofHMS Captain at the Battle of Cape St Vincent.

Shortly after the battle, Nelson took part in the Battle of Santa Cruz de Tenerife, where his attack was defeated and he was badly wounded, losing his right arm, and was forced to return to England to recuperate. The following year, he won a decisive victory over the French at the Battle of the Nile and remained in the Mediterranean to support the Kingdom of Naples against a French invasion. In 1801, he was dispatched to the Baltic and won another victory, this time over the Danes at the Battle of Copenhagen. He subsequently commanded the blockade of the French and Spanish fleets at Toulon and, after their escape, chased them to the West Indies and back but failed to bring them to battle. After a brief return to England, he took over the Cádizblockade in 1805. On 21 October 1805, the Franco-Spanish fleet came out of port, and Nelson's fleet engaged them at the Battle of Trafalgar. The battle was Britain's greatest naval victory, but during the action Nelson was fatally wounded by a French sniper. His body was brought back to England where he was accorded astate funeral.

Nelson's death at Trafalgar secured his position as one of Britain's most heroic figures. The significance of the victory and his death during the battle led to his famous signal, "England expects that every man will do his duty", being regularly quoted, paraphrased and referenced up to the modern day. Numerous monuments, including Nelson's Column in Trafalgar Square, London, have been created in his memory and his legacy remains highly influential.